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What is Bladder Cancer?

Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the bladder, which is a hollow, muscular organ located in the lower abdomen. Its primary function is to store urine produced by the kidneys until it is ready to be expelled from the body through the urethra.

There are several types of bladder cancer, but the most common type is transitional cell carcinoma (also known as urothelial carcinoma), which originates in the cells lining the inside of the bladder. Other types include squamous cell carcinoma (develops in thin, flat cells), adenocarcinoma (arises from glandular cells), and small cell carcinoma (a rare and aggressive form).

What Are the Symptoms of Bladder Cancer?

  • Blood in the urine. This is the most common symptom.
  • Having to urinate often.
  • Pain while urinating.
  • Back pain.
  • Pelvic pain.

These symptoms can also come from other conditions. If you have any of them, talk to your doctor, which is the only way to find out what may be causing them.

What Causes Bladder Cancer?

Smoking is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. Other risk factors include—

How Can I Reduce My Risk for Bladder Cancer?

Quit Smoking:

Smoking is the single most significant risk factor for bladder cancer. It's estimated that about half of all bladder cancers are caused by smoking. If you smoke, quitting can significantly reduce your risk.

Maintain a Balanced Diet:

Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which contain antioxidants, can help protect against various types of cancers, including bladder cancer. Aim for a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables to get a range of beneficial nutrients.

Maintain a Healthy Weight:

Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise can help reduce this risk.

Limit Exposure to Harmful Chemicals:

Occupational exposure to certain chemicals like aromatic amines, which are found in industries like dye manufacturing, rubber, leather, and textiles, can increase the risk of bladder cancer. It's important to follow safety guidelines and use protective equipment if you work in environments with potential carcinogenic chemicals.

Stay Hydrated:

Drinking plenty of fluids can help dilute the concentration of potential carcinogens in the urine, reducing their contact with the bladder lining. Aim for at least 8 cups (about 2 liters) of fluid per day.